Endocrine Abstracts

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a gut hormone that broadly promotes glucose homeostasis through the regulation of islet hormone secretion. Interestingly, GLP-1 has been reported to be both cause and cure of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Decreased GLP-1 is thought to cause the progression from impaired glucose tolerance to frank T2DM. Conversely, the GLP-1 system has been successfully targeted as a treatment option for T2DM patients and increases in GLP-1 have been implic...

The preproglucagon gene (Gcg), expressed in the intestine, the pancreas, and a small cluster of neurons in the hindbrain, encodes multiple peptides in a tissue-specific manner. One of these peptides, glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) increases following meals, functions to stimulate insulin secretion, and is essential for normal glucose tolerance. The dogma is that intestinally-derived GLP-1 acts as a hormone binding to pancreatic GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1r) to stimulate insulin se...

The gastric mucosa is a dynamic and regenerative tissue that functions in extreme conditions of low pH, mechanical insults and bacterial exposure. The mucosa is composed of pit and neck cells which secrete protective mucus, parietal and chief cells that secrete acid and digestive enzymes, enteroendocrine cells that affect motility, secretion and satiety, rare tuft cells, and at two stem-cell compartments. We studied the response of the gastric mucosa to sleeve gastrectomy surg...